Adding a deploy hook

Overview

Deploy hooks are scripts that allow you to automate actions at various points during the deployment process for your applications. This allows you to customize your deployments by, for example, installing software packages or upgrading components.

We will be looking at some simple examples in this tutorial, but for a deeper understanding please read the full reference guide.

How to use deploy hooks

To make use of deploy hooks, your application should have a file called deploy_hooks.yml.

For Rails/Rack applications this file should be present within a folder named .cloud66, which is in turn located in the root of your source code.

/.cloud66/deploy_hooks.yml

This file should be YAML formatted, and you can use a service like YAMLlint to validate it.

To create a deploy hook:

  1. Choose your environment - e.g. production
  2. Choose your hook point - e.g. first_thing
  3. Choose your deploy hook type - snippet, command or script.
  4. Select any additional hook fields you require

Debugging deploy hooks

Automating deploy hooks can sometimes be tricky. To avoid issues, it’s good practice to run each of your commands manually to see that they complete successfully.

If a specific command doesn’t show any output, you can use the echo $? command after issuing your command to see its exit code. If it returns a zero, your command was successful, whereas a one means it has failed.

Using snippet deploy hooks

Below is a bare-bone example of using a snippet with the required fields. It will execute the Cloud 66 Node snippet as the first thing on all production servers.

production: # Environment
    first_thing: # Hook point
      - snippet: cloud66/node # Hook type
        target: any # Hook fields
        execute: true

You can also run multiple snippets at the same hook point:

production: # Environment
    first_thing: # Hook point
      - snippet: cloud66/rails # Hook type
        target: any # Hook fields
        execute: true
      - snippet: cloud66/bower
        target: any
        execute: true

See the available hook points and fields for more ways to customize this.

Using command deploy hooks

The hook example below can be used to install anything from packages to fonts on your server, and you can nest different hooks for the same hook point like follows:

production: # Environment
    first_thing: # Hook point
      - command: apt-get install curl -y # Hook type
        target: any # Hook fields
        execute: true
      - command: apt-get install ncdu -y # Hook type
        target: any # Hook fields
        execute: true

Important

When automating the installation of packages, remember to use the -y flag to answer yes to all prompts.

Custom Rake task command

The example below can be used to run custom rake tasks during server build. If you need to run it more than once, consider using the rake task add-in.

production: # Environment
    last_thing: # Hook point
      - command: cd $APP_PATH && bundle exec rake dev:setup # Hook type
        target: rails # Hook fields
        run_on: single_server
        apply_during: build_only

This will run our rake task on one Rails server and only during the initial build. We run this as a last_thing hook because if we ran it earlier the application wouldn’t exist on the server and be usable.

Using existing script deploy hooks

The hook below will copy a file from your repository to your tmp folder and execute it during build.

production: # Environment
    after_rails: # Hook point
      - source: /.cloud66/script.sh # Hook type
        destination: /tmp/script.sh
        target: rails # Hook fields
        execute: true
        apply_during: build_only

Using inline script deploy hooks

The hook below will create an arbitrary log file in /tmp

first_thing: # Hook point
 - inline: |

     #!/usr/bin/env bash
     echo "script called!" >> /tmp/inline_script.log
   target: any
   execute: true
   apply_during: all
   owner: root:root

Example: env_vars parameter

This example shows how to use the env_vars parameter.

before_nginx:
   snippet: cloud66/download
   target: rails
   execute: true
   apply_during: build_only
   run_on: all_servers
   env_vars:
     SOURCE_URL: "https://github.com/openresty/headers-more-nginx-module/archive/v0.33.tar.gz"
     TARGET_PATH: /usr/local/build/nginx-modules/headers-more-nginx-module
     UNTAR: true

What’s next?

Need help with deployments?
Contact Support
More Questions?
Join the Slack Channel